Understanding the fear of fear and its attenuation is essential to solve anxiety and PTSD. A newly studied in the “Biological Psychiatry: Global Open Science” has studied the role of carbon dioxide reactivity after predicting rats and retrieval of fear expression. The individual differences led by Professor Marie Monfils have provided a basis for the effectiveness of individual differences in carbon dioxide reactivity.
The study involves carbon dioxide challenges, fear of conditioning, and then male rats with standard extinction or retrieval of extinction plan. Standard extinction involves repeated exposure to conditional stimuli, and does not have the stimulus of unconditional unconditional, which leads to a gradual decrease in the fear of fear. On the other hand, the scope of retrieval involves a brief exposure to conditional stimuli to destroy the stability of fear memory, and then perform extinction training. This method is designed to cover primitive fear memory more effectively.
Professor Monfils’ team found that, compared with standard extinction, the retrieval of extinction caused a significant reduction in fear. This is obvious in extinction training, long -term memory testing and recovery test. In addition, the carbon dioxide response measured by acting, modifying, breeding and hard work through carbon dioxide challenges, such as action, modification, breeding and hard work is a powerful prediction indicator for fear of memory retention. Specifically, the reactivity of high carbon dioxide is related to a better ending ending, indicating that rats with higher carbon dioxide reactivity have retained less fear memory, although this association is compared to the extinction of extinction. The rats are stronger.
The first author of the study, Marissa Raskin, emphasized the importance of these discoveries. She said: “Our most important conclusion is that carbon dioxide reaction can be used as a screening tool to identify the individual that may benefit the most from extinction -based therapies.” This opinion is particularly valuable because it shows that carbon dioxide reaction can help help help Customized personal needs, so as to improve anxiety and the treatment results of patients with PTSD.
The study also emphasizes the effectiveness of the difference between extinction and retrieval. Although both methods have reduced the fear of the fear, the search-the first discovered fear returns in 2009 were more powerful. This is also consistent with the discovery of the previous discovery. The retrieval-retrieval extension can extinguish and re-fix the mechanism, which leads to more. Continuous fear attenuation.
The meaning of this study is extended to the clinical environment. Carbon dioxide reaction tests can be integrated into diagnostic procedures to identify patients who may respond well to extinction -based therapies. In addition, retrieval-can be used as a more effective method for long-term fear treatment practice.
Future research aims to expand these studies, including women’s subjects and multiple prompts to check the universality of the results. The research team also cooperated with clinicians to test the application of carbon dioxide reaction as a predictive tool in human clinical trials.
All in all, the study of Monfils and his colleagues provides convincing evidence, indicating that carbon dioxide response can predict the retention of fear of memory, and emphasize the advantages and effectiveness of retrieval of extinction compared with standard extinction. These findings pave the way for more personalized and effective treatment of anxiety and PTSD, which may improve the quality of life of many patients.
Journal reference
Laskin (M. (2024). Carbon dioxide reactivity predicts fear expression after the disappearance and retrieval of rats. Biological psychiatry: global open science. Https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bpsgos.2024.100310
About the author
Professor Marie Monfils Her doctoral degree was in the field of behavioral neuroscience at the Canadian Behavior Neuroscience Center, and a postdoctoral research fund was conducted at New York University. She is currently a professor at the University of Texas University of Austin. She and her team are currently studying three research streams:
- The survey can continue to reduce the combination of fear memory,
- Social dissemination of factors and information that isolated affiliated relationships and information,
- Evaluate individual differences and its impact on fear attenuation.
