Einstein’s photons are hidden in the structure of Maxwell’s field

The fluctuation of light in free space. In fact, light waves interfere with each other, and water waves interact and create ripples.

This view is described using Maxwell’s field science. The energy of the wave is limited to its higher amplitude, and it is more capable. However, at the beginning of the 20th century, this view was broken because it was observed that while interacting with matter, the energy transferred to charged particles with light depends on their frequency, i.e. the number of times the wave oscillates in one second. This observation was first recorded by Philipp Lenard in an experiment on photoelectric effects, and when light falls on a metal plate, an electric current is generated.

Observations inspired Einstein in 1905 to show that light contains energy-packed light, which he called light quantum, whose energy is proportional to the frequency of light. Therefore, the energy of the electron is proportional to the frequency of the input radiation rather than the amplitude, because light acts like particles when interacting with matter. Einstein won the 1921 Nobel Prize in Physics for this explanation, which seems to mark a change in our understanding of light. It leads to the dual properties of light, which, according to its interactions, can behave like waves or particles. This idea is closest to empirical observation and forms the basis of our broad understanding of the nature of light.

Therefore, for more than 100 years, we have been considered that Maxwell’s mathematical fabrics have a wide range of terms classical electromagnetics that cannot explain how light energy can be rich in electrons. Published in recent works Physical YearbookDr. Dhiraj Sinha, a faculty member at Plaksha University, used some of the fundamental equations of Maxwell’s electromagneticism while providing novel perspectives on the interaction of lightweight matter. When focusing on the magnetic field of light, he thinks its time changes produce voltage, just like the way the vibrating magnets induce voltage. From a mathematical point of view, the magnetic flux of light, j Generated by DJ/DT Time changes with very small differences t. The electrons that transfer energy to charge e yes, W = EDJ/DT . Its frequency or phase domain indicates that it is EJWWhere w It is the angular frequency of radiation. This expression is similar to Einstein’s expression on photon energy. HWwhere H lowers Planck’s constant. In other words, the magnetic flux of the radiation field is electron energy according to Faraday’s law of induction.

The theoretical framework provides a missing link between the classical electromagnetics of photons and the concept of quantum mechanical, because currently, the energy of photons is considered an experimental fact without any formal mathematical derivation. The fact that quantified magnetic flux has been observed in two-dimensional electronic systems and the superconducting loop supports this view. Maxwell’s equation is about fields, and although it remains silent about quantization, it is not against it. Therefore, by using flux and charge quantification, Maxwell’s equations can be used to explain light-mass interactions.

Currently, there are two ways to understand the interaction between electromagnetic fields and electrons. The first is dominated by Maxwell’s equations, which are widely used in energy conversion equipment such as generators and motors, besides their applications in telephone and wireless communications. The second approach is based on the concept of light quantum, which is used in solar cells, emitter diodes and lasers. These two theoretical approaches drive two different technological tracks that affect our lives, business and society and related challenges. For example, the current efficiency of solar cells and the efficiency of emitting diodes are defined by the nature of the interaction between photons and electrons in semiconductor devices. The current work integrates these two approaches.

Many leading physicists supported the idea, including Jorge Hirsch, an emeritus professor at the University of California, Steven Verrall, a former faculty member at the University of Wisconsin La Crosse of Lawrence Horwitz, and an emeritus professor at Tel Aviv University. A leading physicist wrote to the author after reviewing the work: “We learned from Einstein that Maxwell’s equations were 40 years of relativity.

In summary, the current work on quantifying energy transfer to electrons radiated to electrons, combined with the effect of quantitative changes in magnetic flux, leads to the derivation of photon expression energy. It emphasizes the fact that if we consider the frequency domain representation of the interaction energy between the radiation field and electrons when using the Maxwell equation, the frequency dependence of light emission can be formally derived.

Additional Information

Sinha, D. (2025). Electronics stimulate the excitation of electrons. Physics Yearbook, 473, 169893. (