Rice is one of the most common crops in almost half of the world’s population. As demand increases, rice cultivation extends to areas with scarce resources and disadvantaged conditions. Salinity is one of the major abiotic stresses and it plays an important role in determining yield and growth. Therefore, since rice is most sensitive to salt stress, it is necessary to introduce salt-resistant content. Extensive research has shown that genetic, molecular and physiological mechanisms control salt tolerance in different crops.
It is worth noting that scientists from the University of Tasmania: Professor Sergey Shabala, Associate Professor Lana Shabala, Professor Holger Meinke, Professor Meixue Zhou, Tianxiao Chen and Yanan Niu collaborate with the central university of Nice University in the West, from Nice Nice Dr. Swaminathan Research Foundation, Professor Ashwani Pareek of Jawaharlal Nehru University and Professor Jianlong Xu of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences thoroughly reviewed the current understanding of the mechanisms displayed by rice crops, published in rice crops, which are published in rice crops. In rice crops. Crop Magazine.
Professor Zhou said to the characteristics of science: “To date, a large number of genes involved in various salt-tolerant mechanisms in rice have been identified. Therefore, understanding their function and crosstalk at the molecular level can provide valuable information to improve the rice’s Salt resistance.”
Professor Zhou and colleagues initially evaluated the current literature on gene networks targeting salt stress. They then detailed the pressure sensing and signaling pathways and the removal of reactive oxygen rice crops that could help develop new salt-tolerant rice varieties. However, according to the researchers, it is difficult to establish a definite link between gene networks and salt tolerance in rice. Most of the literature is derived from reverse genetic methods on plants oneRabies Despite genetic similarity.
Later, the research team demonstrated how stomatal regulation, osmotic regulation, ion homeostasis hindered salt tolerance at functional levels. High salt content can significantly reduce the absorption of water in plants, resulting in reduced stomatal pores. High salinity causes elongated plant cells at the cellular level, reducing water absorption and impaired leaf development. The researchers suggest that mining and binding favorable alleles associated with salt tolerance are better ways to improve germplasm.
Inadequate genetic resources with higher salt tolerance are the main reason for the creation of newer salt-tolerant rice varieties to be hardly progressed. The key to successful improvement of salt-tolerant crops is a deep understanding of the molecular mechanisms. The researchers recommend precise genome editing techniques, the use of genes related to pressure sensing and signaling, and target editing of miRNAs to develop salt-tolerant rice varieties. They also proposed that more importantly, salt tolerance in the reproductive stage, thereby increasing yield. Finally, suggestions are proposed for multi-stress-sensitive genes, and salt-tolerant rice crops are then tested in real life to assess the effects of salinity.
In summary, due to the increased environmental pressures caused by climate change, it is imminent to produce genetically modified salt-tolerant rice crops to meet the energy needs of the growing global population. Professor XU said: “The next important next step is to test genetically engineered plants in field conditions to evaluate their stress tolerance and then model their responses to obtain a global impact on this improved variety.” Assessment. “The findings of this comprehensive review will guide future attempts to develop newer salt-tolerant rice varieties.
Journal Reference:
Chen, Tianxiao, Sergey Shabala, Yanan Niu, Zhong-Hua Chen, Lana Shabala, Holger Meinke, Gayatri Venkataraman, Ashwani Pareek, Jianlong Xu and Meixue Zhou and Meixue Zhou. “Molecular mechanisms of salinity tolerance in rice.” Journal of Crop (2021). doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cj.2021.03.005
About the Author
Dr. Meixue Zhou
professor
Professor Zhou has been engaged in agricultural research for nearly 40 years. Over the past 15 years, he has published more than 150 reference documents. Most papers are published in If If If Journal, and more importantly, his publications show greater influence in over 9,000 citations.
His main research interest is to improve stress tolerance in plants (sinks, salinity, acidic soil and diseases). His breeding program covers the entire range from trait discovery to breed development. These include 1) Applied studies: germplasm screening for specific traits (stress tolerance), accurate phenotypes and cell-based phenotypes to discover key traits or mechanisms that confer tolerance; 2) Genetics and breeding : Discovery of genes/QTLs, molecular markers associated with traits, and development of reproductive materials and varieties (with breeding companies). He has built a strong research team involving physiologists, molecular biologists and agronomists, studying genotypes and environments (soils, seasonal rainfall and temperatures, and climate change) and management (agricultural technology – with matching agronomic economy irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, irrigation and modeling, He established reliable screening facilities for various pressure tolerances and developed a method for rapid infiltration of specific characteristics into commercial varieties. He showed outstanding performance in postgraduate supervision. He has successfully overseen 30 PhD and five master’s students who have pursued successful research careers. Each PhD student produced three published papers. He is currently supervising 16 PhD. student.
Dr. Jianlong Xu
professor
Professor Xu has been in rice genetics and reproduction for more than 30 years. Over the past 20 years, he has published more than 130 reference papers, most of which involve gene/QTL identification, allelic mining and marker assisted breeding, for abiotic and biological stress tolerance in rice crops and with Yield-related characteristics. In the past five years, he has won the first National Science and Technology Progress Award for Science and Technology Progress and has won two provincial awards for Science and Technology Progress. Six rice varieties have been approved nationwide and have been approved by the provinces. In addition, 12 patents and 9 varieties of rights have been successfully applied. So far, he has successfully oversee the completion of three postdoctoral doctoral degrees. There are 25 master’s students who are currently supervising three doctoral degrees from three postdoctoral students. and four masters students.
To effectively integrate QTL mapping with QTL-based rice molecular breeding, he has been advocating a selective infiltration strategy. The development of a large number of trait-specific infiltration lines (ILS) by using reverse crossbreeding in elite genetic backgrounds, this strategy has been implemented for genetic anatomy, allele mining and simultaneous improvement of complex traits in rice. Depending on the performance of the QTL allele of the target trait and the ILS trait, multiple complex traits can be improved simultaneously by the designed QTL pyramid. Now he focuses on allelic mining of previously important clone genes added from 3K retested rice collected worldwide, and then precisely improve targeted characteristics of elite varieties through gene editing based on favorable allelic information.
Main image source: Tanzania Iagri, Flickr
