Researchers at the University of Sydney’s Westmid Medical Research Institute have made great progress in understanding how the newly discovered immune cells participated in HIV’s sexual communication. The focus of this research led by Dr. Najla NASR is a dedicated dendritic cell, called AXL+ Siglec6+ Tarry -like cells (ASDC). It is important that Dr. NASR’s team proves for the first time that these cells were found in inflamed human genital tissues. This is the actual part of HIV entering the human body, and they play a crucial in the first stage of HIV spread. effect. Given that the propagation of HIV is now related to the high degree of inflammation, this represents our key missing part of our understanding of this virus spread.
This breakthrough work is published on the PLOS pathogen of the peer review, which clarifies the complex interaction between these immune cells and Hi V, which may open up new ways to prevent new ways to prevent HIV prevention and vaccine transport.
Research team, including Dr. Orion, Dr. Thomas O’Neal, Dr. Costi Betlam, Professor Andrew Haman, Professor Anthony Cantanan found that ASDC exists in a series of inflammatory human organizations, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin, such as skin. Anal reproductive area and lymph nodes. All these are related to HIV spread. Unlike other dendritic cells, ASDC is found to express unique marks, allowing them to migrate from blood to inflamed tissues. After arriving there, these cells used unique pathogen binding receptors to interact with HIV. Subsequently, critical ASDC continued to interact with another immune cells called CD4 T cells and passed the virus to them. CD4 T cells need to fight HIV, but ironic is that these cells are the main targets of HIV and are destroyed by the virus. Its exhaustion is lower than the critical level to cause AIDS attacks.
Interestingly, the study also revealed two specific sub -sets of ASDC marked CD11C and CD123 logo, which is different when exposed to HIV. CD11C+ Observed more HIV in the early stages of ASDC in the early stages of exposure, and CD123+ ASDC transmits the virus more effectively in the later and completely independent mechanisms.
Dr. NASR emphasized the importance of these discoveries in a statement. He said: “Our research emphasizes that ASDC’s early role in HIV spreads in HIV in the inflammatory organization of ASDC. Inflammation is a prerequisite for HIV transmission, but it has not yet been Determine the key inflammation HIV target cells. Prevent the virus from entering the body. “
Freja Warner Van Dijk, the first author and doctoral student in the NASR laboratory, said another key revelation in the study was the functional differences between the pulp cells to generate DCS and ASDC. In HIV infection, PDC is the main producer of compromise infection, promoting cytokine and tendred factor and tendred factor (CCL3-5)+ ASDC activation, polarization, and the proliferation of CD4 T cells.
The study also explored the existence of ASDC in different inflammatory disease environments, and identified them in diverticulitis, colitis, psoriasis, and colon cancer. Dr. NASR said: “With the role of knowledge in the pathogenesis of other viruses and diseases, specific intervention measures may become obvious.”
All in all, research by Dr. NASR and his colleagues shows that ASDC is a new HIV transmission cell existing in inflammatory anal reproductive tissues. This research provides potential new strategies for preventing the spread of HIV, especially among high -risk people, and may be of great significance to improved preparation design. For example, the current Prep drug that prevents HIV replication cycle (such as Tenofovir) may effectively prevent the ability of CD123+ ASDC infected and spread HIV to T cells. However, it may need to prevent HIV interaction from drugs that combine the receptor interaction to block the initial early HIV transfer of CD11C+ ASDC.
Dr. NASR said: “In the future, research should focus on the development of ASDC migration and its ability to metastasis HIV.” “This may be a key step towards the incidence of reducing the incidence of new HIV infections around the world.”
Journal reference
Warner Van Dijk, Freja A., etc. “Express the function of beyl cells and marrow-like AXL+ SIGLEC-6+ dendritic cell function and its interaction with HIV.” PLOS pathogen (2024). Doi: https: //doi.org/10.1371/journal.ppat.1012351
About the author
Najla nasr He completed a doctorate degree at the University of Sydney, focusing on HIV pathogenesis. She is currently a senior lecturer at the School of Medicine Sciences at the University of Sydney and the head of the team of WestMead Medical Research Institute. Her research focuses on preventing HIV and cure strategies. The focus of her pioneering work is how HIV manipulates congenital immunity by inhibiting the INTERFERON system to avoid detection and promotion of transmission-the early warning system of the human body can resist the invasion of the virus pathogen.
Dr. NASR was funded by the National Health and Medical Research Commission (Ideas Grant as the Central Intelligence Agency) and the Charity Fund of the Niel Mountain Foundation. Her group has two studies. First, they are studying the use of CAR-T cells immunotherapy and interferon system to find methods to eliminate dormant HIV from potential infection CD4 T cells. Secondly, they are using inflammatory human genital tissue to investigate the dynamics of HIV communication, as well as clinical -related HIV propagation strains from Subshan Africa. HIV is popular. This work aims to define key marrow samples and lymphatic HIV target cells to prevent HIV transmission through vaccines, and at the same time to prevent HIV from spread by more effective blocking strategies.
Freeja warner van dijk He is a doctoral candidate at the University of Sydney and works at the WestMead Medical Research as part of the Virus Research Center. The focus of her doctoral degree items is to clarify inflammatory single -core phagocytes that exist in human anus reproductive tissues, and use high -parameter flow cells and single -cell RNA sequencing technology to characterize its interaction with HIV. FREJA recently won the opportunity to introduce the publication in the 2024 International Smoom Immunology Conference (ICMI) in Copenhagen, Danish Copenhagen, and won the travel award to support her attending. Freja is supervised by Dr. Najla NASR, Professor Andrew Harman and Dr. Kirsie Bertram.
