Urban green space can combat climate change and improve people’s ability to live healthy life.
Since the 19th century, the development of urban planning has been greatly developed, mainly because it is driven by the need to improve the health and well -being of urban residents. The integration of parks and green space has always been the central theme of this development. However, for many years, the understanding and motivation of the creation of urban green areas have changed, which has affected their plans and design. The new paradigm transition is emerging, emphasizing how green areas reduce climate impact, increase biodiversity, and support human health in smart cities.
The research team of the University of Agricultural Sciences was led by Professor Patrik Grahn and Professor Erikskärbäck, Dr. Jonathan Stoltz, and Dr. Anna Bengtsson to explore these paradigm transformations. Their works were published in the Encyclopedia, summarizing the history and current role of urban green space, and proposed a future. Natural solutions are indispensable for urban planning.
The first major transition took place in the late 18th century, because it was driven to fight the poor living conditions in fast industrialized cities. Introduce parks and green spaces to provide cleaner air and reduce the spread of diseases. This was influenced by Miasma theory, which showed that the air caused the disease. Landscape architect Frederick Law Olmsted is an important figure in this movement, advocating creating a good landscape to improve public health.
In the 20th century, with the rise of modernism, the paradigm changed again. The focus of this era is the separation of rational design, functions, and urban areas to life, work and entertainment areas. Modern architects like Le Corbusier advocated the idea of ”houses in the park”, which promoted large green areas in the urban environment. However, this method has also led to a longer increase in traffic and commute time, and new challenges have been proposed.
Today, cities are facing the impact of climate change, such as heat waves and floods. Now, urban green space is essential to alleviate these effects, enhance biodiversity, and improve psychological and physical health. Studies have shown that parks with lush crowns can significantly reduce urban temperature and manage rainwater. In addition, exposed to the green area has been related to reducing pressure, improving mental health, and increasing physical exercise. Researchers emphasize that large parks with multiple planting quilts, loose and penetrating areas that can absorb water absorption soils, and natural biological types to maintain biological diversity. In addition, the plan should be included in people’s physical and mental health needs to provide space for relaxation, physical exercise and social interaction.
Professor Gran said: “Urban green space is essential to alleviate the impact of climate and support public health. Our research aims to guide the creation of multifunctional green areas that meet various needs.”
The new paradigm means more and more understanding of the multi -faceted area of the sustainable urban environment in parks and green areas. The future urban planning must adopt the overall method, considering ecological interests and human health. The goal is to plan and design a park in a region so that they can cooperate best. Therefore, the scale of the green area is considered. The location in the city, what they should contain, and the children they should be satisfied, as well as older children to promote their health and well -being. Knowledge of green space that can best meet extensive needs has been inspired by the “blue area”. The “blue region” is the number of abnormal numbers in the world for more than 100 years, although it has a history of more than 100 years. These areas are rich in environmental, which meets people’s needs, is related to curiosity and excitement, games, physical exercise and social fields. At the same time, it can also rest and recover from stressful daily life. Studies have shown that the park can promote a rich urban environment through a variety of sensory dimensions. In this increasingly complicated urban planning and design, climate effects and biodiversity must be considered, human health, and well -being of the environment, which may require the help of artificial intelligence, AI. Now, a model of the demand for perception of perception of perception is developed to develop a future plan and design for urban intelligence and health to promote the environment.
In short, Professor Gran and his colleagues imagined a new city planning paradigm, and the green space plays a variety of roles. By integrating natural solutions, they believe that we can create a flexible urban environment, thereby enhancing ecological sustainability and human well -being. This comprehensive method not only responds to direct challenges such as climate change and public health, but also promotes the connection between urban residents and its natural environment. With the continuous development and development of the city, the insights of this research are essential for shaping the city’s landscape that can sustainable and supporting human health, thereby ensuring the better quality of life of future generations.
Journal reference
Grahn, P., Stoltz, J., SKäRBäCK, E. , & Bengtsson, a. (2023). “Urban planning is based on natural paradigms.” Encyclopedia, 3,1419-1438. Doi: https: //doi.org/10.3390/ecyclopedia3040102
About the author
Patrik Grahn (Patrik Grahn) It is a professor of landscape architecture of Alnap Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. He has a master’s degree and doctoral degree from the University of Agricultural Sciences, and has a master’s degree in biology at the University of Uppsala University. His research develops on the interface of landscape buildings, environmental psychology and health science/medicine. The goal is to develop theory and evidence about how to plan and design healthy environment. It includes small areas, such as houses, preschool classes, schools, nursing hospitals, hospitals and workplace gardens and courtyards, as well as parks, green areas and forests nearby. This research part is based on practice, and cooperates with architects, medical expertise, health workers, etc. In the municipal authorities, sanatoriums, preschool or university infrastructure Alnarp Rehability Garden, research on participants with different diagnosis participates in Research and occupational therapists, physical therapists, psychotherapists, and gardener of natural diagnostic participants. The result is used to develop theory and practical tools to promote healthy environment and natural treatment based on plans and design. He has been studying and teaching in this field for decades. Patrik Grahn and colleagues created international master’s courses in this field with colleagues, which were provided at the Swedish Agricultural University in Alnarp.
Erikskärbsck He is an honorary professor at the Regional Planning of Alnap Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. He has a master’s degree and doctoral degree from the University of Agricultural Sciences. Before becoming a professor, SK 之RBäCK was a landscape designer and consultant. During 1975-1979, he was a project coordinator to evaluate the environmental impact on the construction of bridges between Sweden and Denmark. From 1979 to 1985, he served as the person in charge of landscape planning of the VBB consulting company in the South. In 1985-91, he was the person in charge of the team’s team, including the landscape. VBB consulting company. In 1992-94, Erikskärbäck served as the founder and manager of VBB/Viak Consulting, and later SWECO’s branch agency. As a professor, SKäRBäCK is committed to developing a planned plan for ecological sustainability and human well -being. The Ministry of Environment of the Swedish government called on Erikskärbäck as an expert to propose compensation measures for compensation measures from 1997-1999. SKkRBäCK has been committed to a better urban sound environment for a long time. During 2005-2017, he was a member of the board of directors of the Mounting Environment Center of Longde University.
Jonathan Stoltz (Jonathan Stoltz) Researcher and teacher at Alnarp’s Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. He has a master’s degree in cognitive science and Ph.D. in Physics and Geography at the University of Stockholm. He studied and taught environmental views related to human health and well -being, focusing on the evidence -based planning and design tools of Alnarp, the University of Agricultural Sciences of Sweden. He has dealt with different types of landscape analysis and epidemiological data, linking environmental views with various health and well -being results. He has analyzed the perception quality in the landscape and forest environment of cities and half -city, and has studied synergistic role with other sustainability, such as biodiversity and food production in the urban environment. Recently, focusing on the formulation of health and welfare to promote the quality of forest quality, and with other indicators, such as biological diversity and wood production.
Anna BengtsSon Researcher and teacher at Alnarp’s Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. She has a master’s degree in landscape architecture and a PhD in landscape plan, especially environmental psychology; both come from Alnup’s Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences. Her research focuses on landscape buildings, especially the health of outdoor environment and evidence -based design process. Her work involves the development and testing of models and tools based on theoretical and evidence (related to recovery and support environment). environment. Anna has been a university lecturer since 2005. Since then, she has been a curriculum manager and/or examiner who has been two to five courses each year, as well as the heads or reviewer of several single Han and master’s work every year. Anna is often invited to be a guest lecturer in other courses in Slu Alnarp, as well as other universities in Sweden, Norway and Denmark. From 2010 to the present, she provided lectures for architect’s office, municipal authorities, residential nursing facilities and other medical care facilities, as well as teachers and children and children in the architect’s office. Academic circles.
